Shloka 56

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणरथारोহণं सात्यकेः प्रतिरक्षणं च | Dhrishtadyumna Boards Droṇa’s Chariot; Sātyaki’s Counter-Protection

Devanagari script

सुभद्रामनुशोचामि या पुत्रमपलायिनम्‌

Transliteration

subhadrām anuśocāmi yā putram apalāyinam

Translation

サञ्जयは言った。「私はスुभドラを嘆く——その子は逃げなかったのだ。」

Word by Word

• सुभद्राम्: Subhadrā
• सुभद्राम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुभद्रा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अनुशोचामि: I grieve for / lament
• अनुशोचामि: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-शुच्
• Form: Present, First, Singular, Parasmaipada

• या: who
• या: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• पुत्रम्: son
• पुत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अपलायिनम्: one who does not flee; not a deserter
• अपलायिनम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपलायिन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Subhadrā
• Subhadrā's son (Abhimanyu, implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the tragic moral tension of kṣatriya-dharma: steadfast courage and refusal to flee are praised as honor, yet they also become the cause of unbearable grief for family—especially the mother.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya, narrating the war events, expresses compassion for Subhadrā because her son (implicitly Abhimanyu) stood firm in battle and did not retreat, leading to his death and her sorrow.