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Shloka 3

Night Vigil and Kṛṣṇa’s Instructions to Dāruka (निशि प्रजागरः—दारुकानुशासनम्)

प्रजानां पालन धर्मो दानमिज्या द्विषज्जय: । एतत्‌ सुहोत्रो विज्ञाय धर्मेणैच्छद्‌ धनागमम्‌,प्रजापालन, धर्म, दान, यज्ञ और शत्रुओंपर विजय पाना--इन सबको राजा सुहोत्रने अपने लिये श्रेयस्कर जानकर धर्मके द्वारा ही धन पानेकी अभिलाषा की

prajānāṃ pālana-dharmo dānam ijyā dviṣaj-jayaḥ | etat suhotro vijñāya dharmeṇaicchad dhanāgamam ||

ナーラダは言った。「王にとって、民を守護することはダルマであり、施しを行い、祭祀を執り行い、敵対する仇を打ち破ることもまた然りである。これらが真の益であると悟ったスホートラ王は、富を得るにもただ正しき法によることを望んだ。」

प्रजानाम्of the subjects/people
प्रजानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
पालनम्protection (governing)
पालनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपालन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःduty/righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दानम्gift/giving
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इज्याworship/sacrifice
इज्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइज्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
द्विषत्of enemies
द्विषत्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विषत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
जयःvictory
जयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एतत्this (all this)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सुहोत्रःSuhotra
सुहोत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुहोत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विज्ञायhaving understood/knowing
विज्ञाय:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
धर्मेणby righteousness/by dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
ऐच्छत्desired/sought
ऐच्छत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
धनागमम्acquisition/inflow of wealth
धनागमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनागम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
S
Suhotra
P
prajāḥ (subjects/people)
D
dviṣaḥ (enemies)
I
ijyā/yajña (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s true welfare lies in rajadharma: protecting subjects, practicing generosity, maintaining sacrificial/religious duties, and overcoming enemies—while seeking wealth only through righteous means rather than exploitation.

Nārada, as narrator/speaker, describes King Suhotra’s understanding of the essential duties of kingship and notes that Suhotra chose to pursue prosperity through dharma, framing ethical governance as the foundation of power and success.