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Shloka 52

द्रोणविक्रमदर्शनम् / The Display of Droṇa’s Onslaught and the Debate on Pāṇḍava Regrouping

ततो द्रोण: सत्यसंध: प्रभिन्न इव कुझ्जर: । अभ्यतीत्य रथानीकं दृढसेनमपातयत्‌,तदनन्तर सत्यप्रतिज्ञ द्रोणने मदकी धारा बहानेवाले गजराजकी भाँति रथ-सेनाको लाँघकर दृढसेनको मार गिराया

tato droṇaḥ satyasaṃdhaḥ prabhinna iva kuñjaraḥ | abhyatītya rathānīkaṃ dṛḍhasenam apātayat ||

サञ्जयは言った。ついでドローナは、誓いに堅く結ばれ、束縛を断ち切った狂象のごとく突進した。密集する戦車隊の中へ躍り込み、ドリダセーナを討ち倒した。戦の狂乱の中では、言葉に殉ずる決意(satya-saṃdhi)が陣形も命も押し流す駆動力となり得る――約束への忠実さと、その忠実さが戦場にもたらす破滅とのあいだに、倫理の緊張が立ち上がるのである。

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सत्यसन्धःtrue to his vow / of firm promise
सत्यसन्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यसन्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रभिन्नःrushing forth, breaking through
प्रभिन्नः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रभिन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
कुञ्जरःan elephant
कुञ्जरः:
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यतीत्यhaving crossed/overstepped, having passed through
अभ्यतीत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-इ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
रथ-अनीकम्the chariot-formation / chariot-host
रथ-अनीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ + अनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृढसेनम्Drdhasena
दृढसेनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदृढसेन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपातयत्caused to fall, struck down
अपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, true

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa
D
Dṛḍhasena
R
rathānīka (chariot-host/formation)
K
kuñjara (elephant, as simile)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights satyasaṃdhi—steadfastness to one’s pledged word—as a powerful moral force. In the Mahābhārata’s war context, it also exposes the ethical strain: virtues like fidelity and resolve, when harnessed to warfare, can intensify destruction, prompting reflection on how dharma operates amid conflict.

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa, compared to a charging elephant, breaks into the enemy chariot-formation (rathānīka) and causes the warrior Dṛḍhasena to fall—i.e., he defeats and strikes him down in battle.