Shloka 109

Devanagari script

वेदा: साज्रोपनिषद: पुराणाध्यात्मनिश्चया: । यदत्र परम गुहां स वै देवो महेश्वर:,वेद, वेदांग, उपनिषद्‌ पुराण और अध्यात्मशास्त्रके जो सिद्धान्त हैं तथा उनमें भी जो परम रहस्य है, वह भगवान्‌ महेश्वर ही हैं

Transliteration

vedāḥ sāṅgopaniṣadaḥ purāṇādhyātmaniścayāḥ | yad atra parama-guhyaṃ sa vai devo maheśvaraḥ ||

Translation

ヴィヤーサは言った。「ヴェーダとその補助学（ヴェーダーンガ）、ウパニシャッド、プラーナの確定した結論、そしてアートマンの教え——それらすべてに秘められた至上の奥義は、ほかならぬ神なる主マヘーシュヴァラである。」

Word by Word

वेदाःthe Vedas

साज्रोपनिषदःtogether with the Upaniṣads (as appended/connected)

पुराणाध्यात्मनिश्चयाःthe established doctrines of the Purāṇas and of spiritual science

यत्that which

अत्रherein / in these (texts)

परम्supreme

गुह्यम्secret / mystery

सःhe / that (one)

वैindeed

देवःthe god

महेश्वरःMahēśvara (the Great Lord)

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vyāsa

Maheśvara (Śiva)

Vedas

Vedāṅgas

Upaniṣads

Purāṇas

Adhyātma-śāstra (spiritual doctrine)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

All scriptural learning—Veda, its auxiliaries, Upaniṣads, Purāṇas, and spiritual doctrines—culminates in a single highest secret: the supreme divine reality identified here as Maheśvara (Śiva). The verse asserts that the deepest meaning of scripture is not merely information but the ultimate Lord as its inner essence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa, speaking as an authoritative seer within the Drona Parva context, delivers a doctrinal clarification: amid the turmoil of the war narrative, he points to the transcendent foundation of dharma and knowledge, identifying Maheśvara as the supreme hidden truth underlying all sacred traditions.