Shloka 13

Devanagari script

अकार्य तादृशं कृत्वा पुनरेव गुरु क्षिपन्‌

Transliteration

akārya tādṛśaṃ kṛtvā punar eva guruṃ kṣipan

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「かくも不当な行いをなしたのち、彼はなおも師に向かって再び罵声を投げつけた。」

Word by Word

• अकार्यं: a wrongful act / improper deed
• अकार्यं: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अकार्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तादृशं: such, of that kind
• तादृशं: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तादृश
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कृत्वा: having done
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• गुरुं: the teacher
• गुरुं: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• क्षिपन्: throwing / hurling (at)
• क्षिपन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षिप्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• guru (the teacher/preceptor)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights that repeating an unethical act—especially against one’s guru—deepens adharma. It points to the moral danger of letting rage or rivalry override reverence, restraint, and right conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that after performing a deed judged improper, the agent once again throws (or attacks with what is thrown) toward the guru, emphasizing escalation and the breakdown of customary respect amid the violence of war.