Shloka 7

Devanagari script

घतरयाट्र उवाच निवर्तितिषु सैन्येषु द्रोणपुत्रेण संयुगे । भृशं शोकाभिततप्तेन पितुर्वधममृष्यता

Transliteration

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca nivartitiṣu sainyeṣu droṇaputreṇa saṁyuge | bhṛśaṁ śokābhitaptena pitur vadham amṛṣyatā ||

Translation

ドリタラーシュトラは言った。「戦場において軍勢がドローナの子によって押し返されていたとき、彼は――激しい悲嘆に焼かれ――父の殺害を耐え忍ぶことができなかった。」

Word by Word

• धृतराष्ट्रः: Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• धृतराष्ट्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृतराष्ट्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• निवर्तितेषु: when (they) had been turned back / withdrawn
• निवर्तितेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निवर्तित
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural

• सैन्येषु: in the armies
• सैन्येषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• द्रोणपुत्रेण: by Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman)
• द्रोणपुत्रेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोणपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• संयुगे: in battle
• संयुगे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संयुग
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• भृशम्: exceedingly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भृशम्

• शोकाभितप्तेन: tormented by grief
• शोकाभितप्तेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोकाभितप्त
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• पितुः: of (his) father
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• वधम्: killing, slaying
• वधम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अमृष्यत: could not endure / brooked not
• Type: Verb
• Root: मृष्
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

घतरयाट्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Droṇa
• Aśvatthāmā
• armies (Kaurava and Pāṇḍava forces)
• battle (saṁyuga)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores how grief and attachment can harden into vengeance: when one cannot endure loss, ethical discernment in war collapses, and actions become driven by personal pain rather than dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

After Droṇa’s death, Aśvatthāmā (Droṇa’s son) presses the fight so fiercely that the armies are forced to fall back; Dhṛtarāṣṭra describes him as overwhelmed by grief and unable to bear his father’s killing.