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Shloka 40

एतन्नारायणादस्त्रं तत्‌ प्राप्त पितृबन्धुना । तेनाहं पाण्डवांश्वैव पज्चालान्‌ मत्स्यकेकयान्‌

etannārāyaṇād astraṃ tat prāptaṃ pitṛbandhunā | tenāhaṃ pāṇḍavāṃś caiva pāñcālān matsyakekayān

サञ्जयは語った。――「これこそ父方の縁者より得た、ナーラーヤナの武器である。これによって私は、パाण्डヴァたち、またパーンチャーラ、マツヤ、ケーカヤの軍勢が――(激しく攻め立てられ、圧倒されるさまを)見た。」

एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नारायणात्from Nārāyaṇa
नारायणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनारायण
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
अस्त्रम्weapon (missile)
अस्त्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्राप्तम्obtained/received
प्राप्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्राप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
पितृबन्धुनाby (my) paternal kinsman
पितृबन्धुना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृबन्धु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तेनby that/with that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवान्the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पाञ्चालान्the Pāñcālas
पाञ्चालान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मत्स्यान्the Matsyas
मत्स्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
केकयान्the Kekayas
केकयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकेकय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
N
Nārāyaṇa (Viṣṇu)
N
Nārāyaṇāstra
P
Pāṇḍavas
P
Pāñcālas
M
Matsyas
K
Kekayas
P
pitṛbandhu (paternal kinsman)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the terrifying moral weight of divinely empowered weapons in war: when such astras are deployed, ordinary human valor and numbers become secondary, reminding readers that power must be restrained by dharma and responsibility.

Sañjaya identifies the weapon being used as the Nārāyaṇāstra and notes that it was obtained through a paternal relative; he then describes its effect as bearing down upon the Pāṇḍavas and their allied forces—Pāñcālas, Matsyas, and Kekayas—within the Kurukṣetra battle narrative.