Shloka 51

Śiva’s Battlefield Manifestation and Vyāsa’s Śatarudrīya Exposition (शिवप्रादुर्भावः शतरुद्रीयव्याख्यानम्)

Devanagari script

द्रावयित्वा तु तत्‌ सैन्यं धृष्टद्युम्न: प्रतापवान्‌

Transliteration

drāvayitvā tu tat sainyaṃ dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pratāpavān

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「その軍を打ち崩して退かせると、武威に燃える勇将ドリシュタデュムナは敵勢を逃走へ追い立て、戦の暗い勢いのままに戦闘を前へと押し進めた。」

Word by Word

• द्रावयित्वा: having put to flight / having driven away
• द्रावयित्वा: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्रु (द्रवति) / द्रावयति (णिच्)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive), कर्तरि, non-finite

• तु: but / indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सैन्यम्: army
• सैन्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Dhrishtadyumna
• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रतापवान्: mighty / valorous
• प्रतापवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतापवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• army (sainya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣatriya leadership in crisis: decisive action and courage can turn the tide of battle, while reminding the reader that war’s momentum often depends on a commander’s resolve and capability.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Dhṛṣṭadyumna, displaying great prowess, has driven the opposing army into flight—indicating a momentary collapse of their formation and a surge of advantage for his side.