Shloka 33

नारायणास्त्र-शमनं द्रौणि-प्रहारश्च

Pacification of the Nārāyaṇāstra and Drauni’s Renewed Assault

Devanagari script

विमुखं तु रणे दृष्टवा याज्ञसेनिं महारथम्‌

Transliteration

vimukhaṃ tu raṇe dṛṣṭvā yājñaseniṃ mahāratham

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「戦場にて、ヤージュニャセニーの大車戦士が背を向けたのを見て、見守る者たちは悟った。決意が揺らげば、いかなる大勇もまた挫けうる——戦の道義と策謀の重圧のただ中に現れた、不吉な兆しである。」

Word by Word

• विमुखम्: turned away, facing away
• विमुखम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमुख
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तु: but, however
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for absolutive)

• याज्ञसेनिम्: Yājñaseni (Dhrishtadyumna), son of Drupada
• याज्ञसेनिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: याज्ञसेनि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• महारथम्: the great chariot-warrior
• महारथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Yājñasenī (Draupadī)
• battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line highlights how the inner state—steadfastness or wavering—can decisively shape outward action in war; even those associated with greatness may appear ‘turned away’ when courage, clarity, or dharmic confidence is strained.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports an observation from the battlefield: Yājñasenī is seen as ‘turned away’ (vimukha). The remark functions as a narrative signal of reversal, distress, or an unfavorable turn in the ongoing combat situation.