Shloka 36
द्रोणनिन्दाश्रवणं तथा सात्यकि–पार्षतविवादः
Hearing the reproach of Droṇa and the Sātyaki–Pārṣata dispute
Devanagari script
तां दृष्टवा विद्रुतां सेनां वासुदेवधनंजयौ
Transliteration
tāṃ dṛṣṭvā vidrutāṃ senāṃ vāsudevadhanañjayau
Translation
サञ्जयは言った。「その軍勢が潰走するのを見て、ヴァースデーヴァとダナンジャヤは敗走の兆しを悟った――隊列が崩れ落ちるさなか、勇気と義務（ダルマ）が試される、戦の不吉な転回であった。」
Word by Word
ताम्that (her/it)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund), Non-finite
विद्रुताम्fleeing, routed
विद्रुताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्रुत (वि+द्रु)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सेनाम्army
सेनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वासुदेवधनंजयौVāsudeva and Dhanañjaya (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna)
वासुदेवधनंजयौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव + धनंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
स
संजय (Sañjaya)व
वासुदेव / कृष्ण (Vāsudeva / Kṛṣṇa)ध
धनंजय / अर्जुन (Dhanañjaya / Arjuna)स
सेना (the army)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even in the chaos of war—when an army breaks and flees—steadfast leadership and clarity of duty (dharma) are required; the verse highlights the ethical pressure of battle where fear spreads and resolve must be restored.
Sañjaya reports that Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva) and Arjuna (Dhanañjaya) observe an army that has begun to flee, indicating a rout or sudden collapse in the battle line and setting up their response to the changing battlefield.