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Shloka 56

Droṇa’s Withdrawal, Death, and the Kaurava Rout (द्रोणनिधन-प्रसङ्गः)

अहन्यन्त महाराज धावमानाश्न संयुगे । महाराज! वे योद्धा अचेत होकर सब ओर भागते थे और भागते हुए ही उस युद्धस्थलमें मारे जाते थे

ahanyanta mahārāja dhāvamānāś ca saṃyuge |

サञ्जयは言った。「大王よ、その戦場では、意識を失ったまま四方へ逃げ惑う戦士でさえ、走りながら討ち倒された。」

अहन्यन्तwere slain / were killed
अहन्यन्त:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम, बहुवचन, कर्मणि (Passive)
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
धावमानाःrunning / fleeing
धावमानाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधाव (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
अश्नthey reached / they attained
अश्न:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम, बहुवचन
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'mahārāja')
W
warriors (unspecified combatants)
B
battlefield (saṃyuga)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the dehumanizing force of war: once battle escalates into chaos, even the frightened and disoriented are not spared. Ethically, it points to how quickly restraint and customary protections can collapse, making war a domain where adharma can spread through panic and relentless pursuit.

Sañjaya reports to the king that, amid the fighting, warriors who had become senseless and were running away in confusion were still being cut down while fleeing. It is a snapshot of rout and slaughter on the battlefield.