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Shloka 63

अध्याय १४८ — कर्णप्रभावः, धृष्टद्युम्नस्य विरथता, तथा घटोत्कच-आह्वानम्

Chapter 148: Karṇa’s Pressure, Dhṛṣṭadyumna Unhorsed, and the Summoning of Ghaṭotkaca

एताननिर्जित्य रणे षड्‌ रथान्‌ पुरुषर्षभ । न शक्‍्य: सैन्धवो हन्तुं यतो निर्व्याजमर्जुन,“नरश्रेष्ठ अर्जुन! रणभूमिमें इन छः: महारथियोंको परास्त किये बिना सिंधुराजको बिना मायाके जीता नहीं जा सकता है

etān anirjitya raṇe ṣaḍ-rathān puruṣarṣabha | na śakyaḥ saindhavo hantuṃ yato nirvyājam arjuna ||

サンジャヤは言った。「おお、人の中の雄牛よ。戦場にてこの六人の戦車武者をまず打ち破らぬかぎり、シンドゥの王を討つことはできぬ。アルジュナが彼に至る道は、彼らの飾り気のない、真っ向からの抵抗によって塞がれているのだ。」

एतान्these (men)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनिर्जित्यwithout conquering / having not defeated
अनिर्जित्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनिर्जि (धातु) + क्त्वा (अव्ययकृदन्त)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
षट्six
षट्:
Karma
TypeNumeral
Rootषष्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रथान्chariot-warriors / chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुरुषर्षभO bull among men
पुरुषर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शक्यःpossible / able (to be done)
शक्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक् (धातु) + यत् (कृत्) → शक्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सैन्धवःJayadratha (the Sindhu king)
सैन्धवः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्धव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हन्तुम्to kill
हन्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु) + तुमुन्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
यतःbecause / since
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
निर्व्याजम्without deceit / straightforwardly
निर्व्याजम्:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्व्याज
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्जुनO Arjuna
अर्जुन:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
S
Saindhava (Jayadratha)
S
six chariot-warriors (ṣaḍ-rathāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores that righteous aims in war still demand disciplined effort and the removal of immediate obstacles: one cannot reach a principal target (Jayadratha) without first confronting the defenders who stand openly in the way. It highlights strategic realism and perseverance rather than reliance on deception.

Sañjaya reports that Jayadratha is shielded by six powerful chariot-warriors. Therefore, Arjuna cannot directly kill Jayadratha unless he first defeats these six defenders who block access to him on the battlefield.