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Shloka 17

द्रोणपर्व — अध्याय 128: दुर्योधनस्य परसेनाप्रवेशः

Duryodhana’s Incursion and the Tumult of Battle

स तु मित्रोपरोधेन गौरवात्तु महाबल: । प्रविष्टो भारतीं सेनां मकर: सागरं यथा,“उन महाबली सात्यकिने मित्रके अनुरोधसे और अपने लिये गौरवकी बात समझकर समुद्रमें मगरकी भाँति कौरवीसेनामें प्रवेश किया था

sa tu mitroparodhena gauravāt tu mahābalaḥ | praviṣṭo bhāratīṃ senāṃ makaraḥ sāgaraṃ yathā ||

サンジャヤは言った。「友の切なる願いに促され、またそれを己の名誉の事と見なして、その大力の勇士はクル族(カウラヴァ)の軍勢へと踏み入った――まるでマカラが大海へ躍り込むがごとく。」

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मित्र-उपरोधेनby a friend's request/insistence
मित्र-उपरोधेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र + उपरोध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
गौरवात्from/for the sake of honor (sense of dignity)
गौरवात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootगौरव
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
तुand/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
महाबलःvery strong, mighty
महाबलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रविष्टःentered (having entered)
प्रविष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √विश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
भारतीम्of the Bharatas (Kaurava/Pandava line); Bharata-related
भारतीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootभारती
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सेनाम्army
सेनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मकरःa crocodile/sea-monster
मकरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सागरम्ocean
सागरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas/like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sātyaki
K
Kaurava army (Bhāratī senā)
M
Makara
O
Ocean (Sāgara)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how kṣatriya-style honor (gaurava) and loyalty to a friend’s plea (mitroparodha) can become decisive moral forces, impelling courageous action even when the situation is dangerous and the odds are daunting.

Sañjaya describes the mighty Sātyaki entering the Kaurava battle formation. He does so because a friend urged him and because he considered it a point of honor, and his entry is compared to a powerful sea-creature plunging into the ocean.