Shloka 11

कर्णभीमसेनयुद्धम् | Karṇa–Bhīmasena Engagement

Chapter 111

Devanagari script

त एन॑ कोष्ठकीकृत्य रथवंशेन मारिष

Transliteration

te enaṁ koṣṭhakīkṛtya rathavaṁśena māriṣa

Translation

サञ्जयは言った。「尊き御方よ、彼らは彼を取り囲み—狭き所へと押し込め—戦車の轅（ながえ）で打ち据えた。」

Word by Word

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• एनम्: this one / him
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (एना-प्रयोगः)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• कोष्ठकीकृत्य: having made (him) into a target/mark (as it were)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कोष्ठकी- √कृ
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite

• रथवंशेन: with the chariot-pole/shaft
• रथवंशेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथवंश
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• मारिष: O noble one / O dear sir
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारिष
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• ratha (chariot)
• rathavaṁśa (chariot-pole/shaft)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line highlights how, in war, tactical containment (hemming in an opponent) can turn into decisive force; ethically it underscores the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension between martial skill and the escalating brutality of battlefield methods.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that a group of fighters surround a particular warrior, restrict his movement, and then assault him using the chariot’s wooden pole/shaft as a weapon.