Shloka 5

Sātyaki-praveśaḥ and Duryodhana-saṃnipātaḥ

Sātyaki’s passage and Duryodhana’s mass engagement

Devanagari script

उत्पतद्धिरिवाकाशे क्रामद्धिरिव पर्वतम्‌ रुक्मपुड्खाउछरानस्यन्‌ युयुधानमुपाद्रवत्‌,हर्षमें भरे हुए नरवीर द्रोणाचार्यने अपने महान्‌ वेगशाली लाल घोड़ोंद्वारा, जो मानो आकाशमें उड़ रहे और पर्वतको लाँघ रहे थे, सुवर्णमय पंखवाले बाणोंकी वर्षा करते हुए वहाँ युयुधानपर आक्रमण किया

Transliteration

utpatadbhir ivākāśe krāmadbhir iva parvatam | rukmapuṅkhaiḥ śarān asyan yuyudhānam upādravat ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。意気高く、ドローナーチャールヤは、天空を翔け山を越えるかのような疾き赤馬を駆り、金の羽飾りを施した矢の雨を浴びせつつ、ユユダーナへ突撃した。

Word by Word

• उत्पतद्भिः: by (those) flying up
• उत्पतद्भिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्+पत् (धातु) → उत्पतत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• इव: as if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• आकाशे: in the sky
• आकाशे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आकाश
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• क्रामद्भिः: by (those) striding/leaping over
• क्रामद्भिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रम् (धातु) → क्रामत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• इव: as if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• पर्वतम्: a mountain
• पर्वतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• रुक्मपुङ्खान्: gold-feathered (arrows)
• रुक्मपुङ्खान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रुक्म-पुङ्ख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• उच्छरन्: pouring forth / showering
• उच्छरन्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्+शॄ/शर् (धातु) → उच्छरत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्यन्: hurling / shooting
• अस्यन्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अस् (धातु, क्षेपणे) → अस्यत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युयुधानम्: Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)
• युयुधानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युयुधान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उपाद्रवत्: attacked / rushed upon
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप+द्रु (धातु) → उपाद्रवत्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Droṇācārya (Drona)
• Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)
• red horses
• golden-fletched arrows

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how exhilaration and prowess in war can amplify aggression; it implicitly invites reflection on kṣatriya-dharma—courage and skill must be balanced with ethical restraint, since battlefield success does not automatically equal righteousness.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya describes Droṇa, energized and confident, rushing to engage Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki). Droṇa’s chariot, drawn by swift red horses, advances with overwhelming speed while he rains golden-fletched arrows upon his opponent.