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Shloka 4

द्रोणपर्व (अध्याय १) — भीष्मनिधनानन्तरं धृतराष्ट्रस्य शोकः, सेनायाः स्थितिः, कर्णस्मरणं च

Droṇa Parva, Chapter 1: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s grief after Bhīṣma’s fall and the army’s reorientation toward Karṇa

तस्मिन्‌ हते तु भगवन्‌ केतौ सर्वधनुष्मताम्‌ | यदचेष्टत कौरव्यस्तन्मे ब्रूहि तपोधन,भगवन्‌! तपोधन! सम्पूर्ण धनुर्धरोंके ध्वजस्वरूप भीष्मजीके मारे जानेपर कुरुवंशी दुर्योधनने जो प्रयत्न किया हो, वह सब मुझे बताइये

tasmin hate tu bhagavan ketau sarva-dhanuṣmatām | yad aceṣṭata kauravyas tan me brūhi tapodhana ||

「尊き仙よ、あらゆる弓の達人の旗印ともいうべきビーシュマが討たれたとき、クル族のドゥルヨーダナは何を企て、いかなる手立てを講じたのか。苦行に富む御方よ、我に告げよ。」

तस्मिन्in him/therein (i.e., when he)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
हतेwhen (he was) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeParticiple
Rootहन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
भगवन्O venerable one
भगवन्:
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
केतौin/when the banner (standard) (was slain)
केतौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकेतु
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सर्वof all
सर्व:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
धनुष्मताम्of the bowmen/archers
धनुष्मताम्:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootधनुष्मत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
यत्what (which deed)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अचेष्टतstrove/attempted
अचेष्टत:
TypeVerb
Rootचेष्ट्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कौरव्यःthe Kaurava (Duryodhana)
कौरव्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
ब्रूहिtell (you)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तपोधनO one whose wealth is austerity (ascetic)
तपोधन:
TypeNoun
Rootतपोधन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
B
Bhishma
D
Duryodhana
K
Kuru lineage (Kaurava)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a dharmic and ethical pressure point in war: when a revered elder and chief protector falls, the remaining leaders are tested—whether their subsequent actions arise from righteous duty, desperation, or pride. It frames inquiry into responsibility and conduct under crisis.

Janamejaya questions the sage about the Kaurava response after Bhishma’s fall, specifically asking what Duryodhana attempted next. This sets up the transition into the Drona Parva, where command and strategy shift following Bhishma’s removal from the battlefield.