Shloka 53

भीष्म-युधिष्ठिर-संमर्दः

Bhīṣma’s Pressure on Yudhiṣṭhira; Śikhaṇḍī’s Approach; Evening Withdrawal

Devanagari script

छाद्यमानं शरत्रातैः शतानीकं॑ यशस्विनम्‌

Transliteration

chādyamānaṁ śaratrātaiḥ śatānīkaṁ yaśasvinam

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「名高きシャターニカは、矢の斉射により、四方からすっかり覆われ—圧し包まれていた。」

Word by Word

• छाद्यमानम्: being covered/being concealed
• छाद्यमानम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: छाद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, शानच् (लट्-कर्तरि/कर्मणि), Passive (कर्मणि प्रयोग)

• शरत्रातैः: by showers/volleys of arrows
• शरत्रातैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरत्रात
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• शतानीकम्: Śatānīka (proper name)
• शतानीकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शतानीक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• यशस्विनम्: glorious, renowned
• यशस्विनम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यशस्विन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Śatānīka
• arrows

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the harsh impartiality of war: even the renowned are subject to being overwhelmed. It implicitly cautions against pride in fame or strength and highlights the fragility of embodied life amid violence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a battlefield moment in which the warrior Śatānīka is struck from many directions, so densely that he appears ‘covered’ by showers of arrows—an image of intense pressure and near-encirclement in combat.