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Shloka 115

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

भीष्मस्तु निहते तस्मिन्‌ सारथौ रथिनां वर: । वातायमानैस्तैरश्वैरपनीतो रणाजिरात्‌,रथियोंमें श्रेष्ठ भीष्म सारथिके मारे जानेपर हवाके समान भागनेवाले घोड़ोंके द्वारा रणभूमिसे बाहर कर दिये गये

bhīṣmas tu nihate tasmin sārathau rathināṃ varaḥ | vātāyamānais tair aśvair apanīto raṇājirāt ||

サञ्जयは言った。「その御者が討たれるや、車戦の勇者の中でも第一のビーシュマは、風のごとく奔る馬どもに引かれて戦場の外へ運び去られた。」この句は、戦においては最も偉大な者でさえ事情に縛られることを示す。支えとなる一人(御者)の倒れが退却を余儀なくし、武威の背後にある相互依存と脆さを露わにするのである。

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
निहतेwhen (he) was slain
निहते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-हन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that (person/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
सारथौin/when the charioteer
सारथौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
रथिनाम्of chariot-warriors
रथिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वरःthe best
वरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वातायमानैःmoving like the wind
वातायमानैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवातायमान
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तैःby those
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अश्वैःby horses
अश्वैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अपनीतःwas carried away/removed
अपनीतः:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-नी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
रणाजिरात्from the battlefield
रणाजिरात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरणाजिर
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
B
Bhishma
C
charioteer (sārathi)
H
horses
B
battlefield (raṇājira)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the dependence of even the mightiest warrior on supporting roles and conditions. The death of the charioteer becomes a decisive factor, showing that prowess alone does not guarantee control; in war, outcomes hinge on interconnected causes and sudden reversals.

Sañjaya reports that after Bhishma’s charioteer is killed, Bhishma is taken away from the fighting ground as the horses bolt wind-swift, effectively removing his chariot from the battlefield.