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Shloka 59

भीष्मधनंजयद्वैरथम्

Bhīṣma–Dhanaṃjaya Duel and the Opening Clash

बलिनीौ युद्धदुर्धर्षावन्योन्यसदृशावु भौ । भरतश्रेष्ठ! वे दोनों वीर बलवान, युद्धमें दुर्जय तथा एक-दूसरेके अनुरूप थे। अतः ढूँढनेपर भी कोई उनमेंसे किसीका अन्तर न देख सका || ५८ है ।। चिह्नमात्रेण भीष्म तु प्रजज्ञुस्तत्र कौरवा:

balinau yuddha-durdharṣāv anyonya-sadṛśāv ubhau | bharata-śreṣṭha! te dvau vīrau balavān, yuddhe durjayau tathā eka-anyasya anurūpau tau | ataḥ dhūṇḍhane'pi kaścid ubhayor madhye bhedaṁ na dadarśa || (58) || cihna-mātreṇa bhīṣmaṁ tu prajagñus tatra kauravāḥ ||

サンジャヤは語った。二人はともに剛勇で、戦において抗しがたく、互いに釣り合っていた。バーラタ族の最勝者よ、その二人の英雄は力に満ち、戦場ではほとんど無敵であったため、人々が見分けようとしても差異を見いだせなかった。そこでクル族(カウラヴァ)だけが、ただ一つの小さな徴によって毗湿摩(ビーシュマ)を認めたのである。

बलिनौtwo strong (men)
बलिनौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
युद्ध-दुर्धर्षौhard to assail in battle
युद्ध-दुर्धर्षौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुद्धदुर्धर्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अन्योन्य-सदृशौsimilar to each other
अन्योन्य-सदृशौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्योन्यसदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
चिह्न-मात्रेणby (a) mere sign/mark
चिह्न-मात्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचिह्नमात्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
भीष्मम्Bhishma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
प्रजज्ञुःthey recognized/knew
प्रजज्ञुः:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
कौरवाःthe Kauravas
कौरवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
K
Kauravas
B
Bharata (dynastic reference)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'bharata-śreṣṭha')

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights how outward similarity and equal prowess can obscure discernment; in the fog of war, identity and judgment may depend on small, conventional markers rather than clear moral or personal recognition.

Sañjaya describes two warriors who are so evenly matched in strength and battle-skill that observers cannot tell them apart; the Kauravas identify Bhīṣma only through a distinguishing sign.