Shloka 13

Rajo-dhūli-saṃmūḍha-saṅgrāmaḥ

The Dust-Obscured Battle and Mutual Charges

Devanagari script

तस्याहं व्यसन घोरें मन्ये प्राप्तं तु संजय । श्वैतस्य च विनाशेन भीष्मस्य विजयेन च

Transliteration

tasyāhaṁ vyasana ghore manye prāptaṁ tu sañjaya | śvaitasya ca vināśena bhīṣmasya vijayena ca ||

Translation

ドリタラーシュトラは言った。「サンジャヤよ、恐るべき災厄が彼に降りかかったと思う——シュヴァイタが滅び、そしてビーシュマが勝利を得たがゆえに。」

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him/that
• तस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Singular

• व्यसनम्: calamity, misfortune
• व्यसनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यसन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• घोरे: in (something) terrible
• घोरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• मन्ये: I think, I consider
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (मन्यते)
• Form: Present, 1st, Singular, Atmanepada

• प्राप्तम्: having come/occurred; attained
• Type: Participle
• Root: प्र-आप् (प्राप्त)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तु: indeed, but
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• संजय: O Sañjaya
• संजय: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• श्वैतस्य: of Śvaita
• श्वैतस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun/Adjective (proper name/epithet)
• Root: श्वैत
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• विनाशेन: by/with the destruction
• विनाशेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विनाश
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• भीष्मस्य: of Bhīṣma
• भीष्मस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• विजयेन: by/with victory
• विजयेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विजय
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

धृतराष्ट उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Sañjaya
• Śvaita
• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how outcomes in war—victory for one side and the loss of valued allies on the other—are experienced as moral and emotional calamity, reminding rulers that attachment to power and partisan triumph often deepens suffering rather than resolving it.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛtarāṣṭra reacts to battlefield news reported by Sañjaya, concluding that a severe setback has occurred: Śvaita has been slain, and Bhīṣma has prevailed, signaling a grim turn in the conflict for the party Dhṛtarāṣṭra is concerned about.