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Shloka 10

Dvīpa–Sāgara–Parvata Varṇana and Svarbhānu

Rāhu) Graha-pramāṇa (Dvīpas, Oceans, Mountains, and Astral Measures

पाण्डवानां महासैन्यं यं दृष्टवोद्यतमाहवे । प्रावेपत भयोद्िग्नं सिंहं दृष्टवेव गोगण:,जैसे गौओंका झुंड सिंहके देखते ही भयसे व्याकुल हो उठता है, उसी प्रकार जिन्हें युद्धमें हथियार उठाये देख पाण्डवोंकी विशाल वाहिनी भयसे उद्विग्न होकर थरथर काँपने लगती थी, वे ही शत्रुसैन्यसंहारक भीष्म दस दिनोंतक आपकी सेनाका संरक्षण करके अत्यन्त दुष्कर पराक्रम प्रकट करते हुए अन्तमें सूर्यकी भाँति अस्ताचलको चले गये

pāṇḍavānāṃ mahāsainyaṃ yaṃ dṛṣṭvoddyatam āhave | prāvepata bhayodvignaṃ siṃhaṃ dṛṣṭveva gogaṇaḥ ||

サञ्जयは言った。戦いに備えて立ち並ぶパーンダヴァの大軍を見て、それは恐れに震えた――獅子を見た牛の群れが身をすくめるように。(前後の叙述においてこの比喩は、ビ―シュマの存在と武威がいかに大軍すらたじろがせ得たかを示し、同時に戦の苛烈な代償と、選んだ陣営に縛られた戦士の冷厳な務めを予兆する。)

पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
महाgreat
महा:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (as compound member), Singular
सैन्यम्army/host
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यम्which/whom
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
उद्यम्raised/ready (for battle)
उद्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्यत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative (agreeing with यम्/सैन्यम् contextually), Singular
आहवेin battle
आहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रावेपतtrembled
प्रावेपत:
TypeVerb
Rootवेप् (वि-वेप्/प्र-वेप्)
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular
भयwith fear/from fear
भय:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Instrumental (as compound member), Singular
उद्विग्नम्agitated, alarmed
उद्विग्नम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्विग्न
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सिंहम्a lion
सिंहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
इवas/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
गोगणःa herd of cows
गोगणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍavas
P
Pāṇḍava army (mahāsainya)
L
lion (siṃha)
H
herd of cattle (gogaṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the psychological dimension of dharma-yuddha: beyond weapons and numbers, morale and fear shape outcomes. The lion-and-cattle simile conveys how perceived superiority or reputation can cause even a strong force to waver, reminding readers that war tests inner steadiness as much as outer strength.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield reaction to the sight of the Pāṇḍavas’ vast, battle-ready host: it trembles in fear like cattle before a lion. The line functions as a vivid report to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, emphasizing the intensity of the confrontation and the shifting emotions within the armies.