Shloka 15

Devanagari script

तस्मात्‌ पार्थ पुरोधाय पञ्चालान्‌ सूंजयांस्तथा । मद्वधे क्रियतां यत्नो मम चेदिच्छसि प्रियम्‌

Transliteration

tasmāt pārtha purodhāya pañcālān sūñjayāṁs tathā | mad-vadhe kriyatāṁ yatno mama ced icchasi priyam ||

Translation

ゆえに、パールタよ、パンチャーラとスリンジャヤを先陣に立て、わたしを討つために断固として努めよ—それがまことに、わたしの望みを叶えようとするならば。

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore / from that
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद्
• Form: Ablative sense (from/therefore); indeclinable usage

• पार्थ: O son of Pritha (Arjuna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• पुरोधाय: having placed in front / putting forward
• Type: Verb
• Root: पुरस् + धा (धातु: धा)
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), indeclinable; from √धा with उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद 'पुरस्' → 'पुरोधाय' = 'having placed in front'

• पञ्चालान्: the Panchalas
• पञ्चालान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चाल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• सूंजयान्: the Srijayas/Sun-jayas (a people/warriors)
• सूंजयान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूंजय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तथा: also / likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा
• Form: Indeclinable

• मत्-वधे: in/for my killing
• मत्-वधे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत् + वध
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular (वध); 'मत्' = genitive sense 'of me'

• क्रियताम्: let (it) be done / should be made
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 3rd person, Singular, Passive (कर्मणि प्रयोग)

• यत्नः: effort
• यत्नः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यत्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मम: of me / my
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• चेत्: if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चेत्
• Form: Indeclinable (conditional particle)

• इच्छसि: you desire / you wish
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इष् (इच्छ्)
• Form: Present (लट्), 2nd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• प्रियम्: what is pleasing / a favor
• प्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular (used substantively: 'a pleasing thing')

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Partha (Arjuna)
• Panchalas
• Srinjayas

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse emphasizes purposeful action aligned with duty: in a righteous war, effort should be directed with clear intent and strategic prioritization, even when the aim is the grave act of slaying a central opponent.

What is happening in the narrative?

A speaker urges Arjuna (Pārtha) to advance allied forces—the Pāñcālas and Sṛñjayas—and to strive specifically for the speaker’s death, presenting it as a decisive objective whose fulfillment would be a valued act.