Shloka 20

Adhyāya 51: Kṛṣṇa’s Leave-Taking and Departure for Dvārakā (द्वारकागमनानुमति)

Devanagari script

तपः:परायणा नित्यं सिद्धयन्ते तपसा सदा । तथैव तपसा देवा महामाया दिवं गता:

Transliteration

tapaḥparāyaṇā nityaṁ siddhyante tapasā sadā | tathaiva tapasā devā mahāmāyā divaṁ gatāḥ ||

Translation

風神ヴァーユは言った。「常に苦行に身を捧げる者は、いついかなる時も苦行のみによって成就を得る。同じく、偉大なる神力を具えた神々も、苦行によって天界に至った。」

Word by Word

• तपःपरायणाः: devoted to austerity
• तपःपरायणाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तपःपरायण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य

• सिद्धयन्ते: attain success / are accomplished
• Type: Verb
• Root: सिध्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Atmanepada

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• सदा: always
• सदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा

• तथा: thus / likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• एव: indeed / just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महामायाः: possessing great magical power / of great māyā
• महामायाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महामाया
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• दिवम्: to heaven
• दिवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• गताः: gone / having gone
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva (the Wind-god, speaker)
• devāḥ (the gods)
• divam (heaven)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Steady commitment to tapas (austerity and disciplined self-restraint) is presented as a direct means to siddhi (accomplishment). The verse elevates ethical-spiritual effort as a reliable path to higher attainment, even exemplified by the gods reaching heaven through tapas.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva is speaking and underscores the efficacy of austerity. By citing the gods’ ascent to heaven through tapas, he offers authoritative encouragement that disciplined practice leads to success and elevated states.