Shloka 12
Brahmopadeśa: Ahiṃsā, Jñāna, and the Kṣetrajña–Sattva Analysis
Chapter 49
ज्ञानं संन्यासमित्येके स्वभावं भूतचिन्तका: । सर्वमेके प्रशंसन्ति न सर्वमिति चापरे
jñānaṃ saṃnyāsam ity eke svabhāvaṃ bhūta-cintakāḥ | sarvam eke praśaṃsanti na sarvam iti cāpare ||
ヴァーユは言った。「ある者は、真の出家・放棄（saṃnyāsa）とは知そのものだと宣言する。物質の諸要素のみを思惟する者たちは、『自性／自然』（svabhāva）を究極の原因として讃える。すべての道を区別なく称える者もいれば、万事が称賛に値するわけではないと主張する者もいる。」
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse maps a spectrum of philosophical positions: some equate renunciation with liberating knowledge; some explain life through svabhāva (natural/material causality); some approve all approaches, while others discriminate and deny that every view is equally praiseworthy. Ethically, it highlights the need to examine doctrines rather than accept them uncritically.
Vāyudeva is speaking and summarizing differing schools of thought about the highest path and the cause of action—knowledge-based renunciation, nature/material causation, and competing attitudes of universal approval versus selective critique.