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Shloka 17

Rajo-guṇa-nirdeśa — Brahmā’s Enumeration of Rajasic Dispositions

अस्मिल्लोके प्रमोदन्‍्ते जायमाना: पुनः पुन: । प्रेत्य भाविकमीहन्ते ऐहलौकिकमेव च । ददति प्रतिगृह्नन्ति तर्पयन्त्यथ जुह्गमति

asmi loke pramodante j1yam1n1 puna puna | pretya bh1vikam 2bhante aihalaukikam eva ca | dadati pratighnanti tarpayanty atha juhvati ||

風神ヴァーユデーヴァは言った。「この世において、そのような者たちは幾度も生まれ変わり、そのたびに歓び、感官の対象から生じる快楽に没入する。死後においても、彼らは起こると想い描く事柄のために奔走し、ただ世俗の利得のみを追う。ゆえに欲を動機として、施しをなし、施しを受け、タルパナ(tarpana)の満足儀礼と、ヤジュニャ(yajña)の供犠を執り行うのである。」

अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
लोकेworld
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रमोदन्तेrejoice / delight
प्रमोदन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√मुद्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
जायमानाःbeing born
जायमानाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Root√जन्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
प्रेत्यhaving departed (after death)
प्रेत्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र + √इ
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्) used adverbially
भाविकम्future (other-worldly) [good]
भाविकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभाविक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ईहन्तेstrive for / seek
ईहन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√ईह्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
ऐहलौकिकम्belonging to this world
ऐहलौकिकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootऐहलौकिक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed / only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ददतिthey give
ददति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√दा
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
प्रतिगृह्णन्तिthey accept (gifts)
प्रतिगृह्णन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + √ग्रह्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
तर्पयन्तिthey satisfy / perform tarpaṇa
तर्पयन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√तृप्
FormPresent (causative), Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
अथthen / and also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
जुह्वतिthey offer (into fire) / sacrifice
जुह्वति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√हु
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural

वायुदेव उवाच

V
V1yudeva

Educational Q&A

Desire-driven religiosity keeps one revolving in repeated births: when charity, receiving gifts, and ritual acts are performed for personal enjoyment and worldly/otherworldly reward, they remain bound to sense-pleasure and its consequences rather than moving toward liberation-oriented dharma.

V1yudeva is describing a class of people who repeatedly take birth and pursue pleasure; even their religious actionsgiving, accepting gifts, ancestor-satiation rites, and fire-sacrificesare undertaken with a reward-seeking motive aimed at happiness in this world and the next.