Shloka 11

तमोगुण-निरूपण

Analysis of Tamas and its Marks

Devanagari script

एतेषां गुणतत्त्वानि वक्ष्यन्ते तत्त्वहेतुभि: । समासव्यासयुक्तानि तत्त्वतस्तानि बोधत

Transliteration

eteṣāṃ guṇatattvāni vakṣyante tattvahetubhiḥ | samāsavyāsayuktāni tattvatastāni bodhata |

Translation

ヴァーユ神は言った。「いまより、真理へと導く確かな理（ことわり）によって、これらグナ（guṇa）の真の本性と働きを説き明かそう。要約しても詳述しても語るゆえ、ありのままに理解し、鋭い識別をもって聴け。」

Word by Word

• एतेषाम्: of these
• एतेषाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• गुणतत्त्वानि: the true principles/natures of the guṇas
• गुणतत्त्वानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुणतत्त्व
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• वक्ष्यन्ते: will be stated/declared
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Future, 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada

• तत्त्वहेतुभिः: by reasons grounded in truth / by true causes
• तत्त्वहेतुभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तत्त्वहेतु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• समासव्यासयुक्तानि: connected with summary and elaboration
• समासव्यासयुक्तानि: Visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समासव्यासयुक्त
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• तत्त्वतः: in reality; truly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्त्वतः

• तानि: those (things)
• तानि: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• बोधत: understand; know
• Type: Verb
• Root: बुध्
• Form: Imperative, 2nd, Plural, Parasmaipada

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyu (Vāyudeva)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse introduces a disciplined exposition of the guṇas—promising a truth-grounded account of their essential nature and effects, presented both in summary and in detailed analysis, urging attentive understanding.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyu-deva begins an instructional discourse, signaling that he will explain the workings of the three guṇas using sound reasoning, and asks the listener(s) to hear carefully and comprehend the teaching accurately.