Shloka 34

कर्मनाशाभावः, गर्भे जीवप्रवेशः, आचारधर्मोपदेशः

Karma’s Non-Extinction, Jīva’s Entry into the Embryo, and Instruction on Conduct-Dharma

Devanagari script

निर्विद्यते ततः कृत्स्नं मार्गमाण: परं पदम्‌ | तस्योपदेशं वक्ष्यामि याथातथ्येन सत्तम

Transliteration

nirvidyate tataḥ kṛtsnaṁ mārgamāṇaḥ paraṁ padam | tasyopadeśaṁ vakṣyāmi yāthātathyena sattama

Translation

そののち、世の営みのすべてに倦み果てて、彼は至上の境地を求める。おお、徳ある者のうち最も勝れた者よ、今わたしはそれに至る教えを、真実のまま、ありのままに汝に説き明かそう。

Word by Word

• निर्विद्यते: becomes dispassionate / is disgusted (with worldly things)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर्विद् (धातु)
• Form: Lat, Ātmanepada, Kartari, 3, Singular

• ततः: then; thereafter; from that
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)

• कृत्स्नम्: entire; whole
• कृत्स्नम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत्स्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• मार्गमाणः: seeking; searching
• मार्गमाणः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: मार्ग (धातु) + शानच्
• Form: Present active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परम्: supreme; highest
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पदम्: state; abode; goal
• पदम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तस्य: of that; of him/it
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• उपदेशम्: instruction; teaching
• उपदेशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपदेश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• वक्ष्यामि: I shall tell; I will explain
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: Lṛṭ, Parasmaipada, Kartari, 1, Singular

• याथातथ्येन: according to the truth; as it really is
• याथातथ्येन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: याथातथ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• सत्तम: O best of the good (noble one)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames liberation-oriented instruction: when a person grows disenchanted with the entirety of worldly striving, they turn to seek the supreme goal (param padam). The speaker promises to teach that path truthfully, emphasizing accurate guidance grounded in reality rather than mere opinion.

What is happening in the narrative?

A Brahmin speaker addresses a virtuous listener (“sattama”), marking a transition from describing the seeker’s inner turning (dispassion toward the world) to offering explicit instruction (upadeśa) about attaining the highest state.