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Shloka 44

प्रतिग्रहभेदः — The Distinction between Giving and Accepting

Vṛṣādarbhī–Saptarṣi Dialogue

संकीर्णयोनिर्विप्रश्न॒ सम्बन्धी पतितश्न यः । वर्जनीया बुधैरेते निवापे समुपस्थिते

saṅkīrṇayonir vipraśna-sambandhī patitaś ca yaḥ | varjanīyā budhair ete nivāpe samupasthite ||

ビーシュマは言った。「混淆した、あるいは正規ならぬ出生の者、vipraśna(婆羅門の秩序を犯し、または乱す者)に連なる親族、そして正しい行いから堕ちた者——これらは、シュラーダの供献(nivāpa/piṇḍadāna)の時が来れば、賢者によって排除されるべきである。」

saṅkīrṇa-yoniḥone of mixed/impure birth (varṇa-saṅkara)
saṅkīrṇa-yoniḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootsaṅkīrṇa-yoni
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
vipraḥa brāhmaṇa
vipraḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootvipra
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
sambandhīa (sinful/impure) relative/associate
sambandhī:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootsambandhin
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
patitaḥfallen (from dharma/caste duties)
patitaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootpatita
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootyad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
varjanīyāḥto be avoided/removed
varjanīyāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootvarjanīya
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
budhaiḥby the wise
budhaiḥ:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootbudha
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
etethese
ete:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootetad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
nivāpeat the offering (śrāddha food-offering)
nivāpe:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootnivāpa
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
samupasthitewhen (it) has arrived/when present
samupasthite:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-upa-sthita
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
nivāpa (śrāddha offering / piṇḍadāna)

Educational Q&A

That śrāddha (ancestral offering) should be conducted with careful attention to ritual boundaries; those classified as ritually fallen or socially/ritually disruptive are to be kept away at the time of the offering.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma, including detailed conduct for śrāddha. Here he lists categories of persons whom the learned tradition considers to be excluded when the nivāpa/piṇḍa offering is about to be made.