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Shloka 91

Pitṛ-śrāddha-haviḥ-phala-nirdeśa

Offerings for Ancestors and Their Stated Results

लक्षणानि स्वरा: स्तोभा निरुक्तं सुरपद्धक्तय: । ओड्कारकश्नावसन्नेत्रे निग्रहप्रग्रहौ तथा

lakṣaṇāni svarāḥ stobhā niruktaṃ surapaddhaktayaḥ | oḍkārakaśnāvasa-nnetre nigraha-pragrahau tathā | vedāṅge lakṣaṇam, udātta-ādi svara, stotra, nirukta, surapaṅkti, oṃkāra tathā yajñasya netra-svarūpau pragraha-nigrahau api tasmin sthāne sthitāḥ

ヴァシシュタは言った。「そこにはヴェーダを支える諸学と諸要素がことごとく उपस्थितしていた――音声の標識と抑揚、祭式の詠唱とその反復句、語源解釈の学(ニルクタ);神々の讃歌の聖なる次第;音節オーム(Oṃ);さらに、供犠のまさに眼となる『抑制』と『解放』もまた、その場に据えられていた。かくしてその地には、ヴェーダの秩序の全装備が確立していたのだ。」

लक्षणानिcharacteristics/marks (ancillary topics)
लक्षणानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलक्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
स्वराःVedic accents/tones
स्वराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्तोभाःSāman interjections/chanting syllables
स्तोभाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्तोभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निरुक्तम्etymology/‘Nirukta’ (Vedāṅga)
निरुक्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिरुक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सुरपद्धक्तयःrows/lines of gods
सुरपद्धक्तयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुरपद्धक्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
ओड्कारकश्नावसन्नेत्रेin (the place of) oṃkāra, śnāva, and the ‘eye’ (of sacrifice)
ओड्कारकश्नावसन्नेत्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootओंकारक-श्नाव-सन्-नेत्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
निग्रहःrestraint/‘nigraha’ (phonetic hold)
निग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिग्रह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रग्रहःrelease/‘pragraha’ (phonetic separation)
प्रग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रग्रह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाalso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
V
Veda
O
Oṃ (Oṃkāra)
N
Nirukta
V
Vedic accents (udātta etc.)
Y
Yajña (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that dharma in the Vedic sense is sustained by disciplined transmission—correct accents, regulated chanting, interpretive science (nirukta), and the sanctifying presence of Oṃ. Ethical order is linked to precision and restraint in sacred practice.

Vasiṣṭha describes a setting where the full ‘Vedic apparatus’ is present—technical features of recitation and ritual (accents, stobhas, nirukta, Oṃ, and the regulating principles of nigraha and pragraha), portraying the place as established in Vedic order and sacrificial propriety.