Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 25

Brāhmaṇa-vandana: Criteria for Veneration, Disciplined Speech, and Protective Kingship (अनुशासनपर्व, अध्याय ८)

(दूरतो मातृवत्‌ पूज्या विप्रदारा: सुरक्षया ।) सरल

dūrato mātṛvat pūjyā vipradārāḥ surakṣayā | tejasas tapasaś caiva nityaṃ bibhyed yudhiṣṭhira | ubhe caite parityājye tejaś caiva tapas tathā ||

ビーシュマは言った。「ユディシュティラよ、バラモンの妻たちは、母を敬うように、しかも護りを怠らぬよう配慮しつつ、うやうやしい距離を保って敬礼すべきである。人は常に、バラモンの霊的な光輝と苦行(タパス)の力に畏敬を抱かねばならぬ。そして彼らの前では、自らの光輝や苦行を誇る心を捨てよ。かかる聖なる力の前における敬虔、節制、謙虚こそが、まさにダルマなのである。」

dūrataḥfrom afar
dūrataḥ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdūrataḥ
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from a distance')
mātṛvatlike a mother
mātṛvat:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmātṛvat
FormAvyaya (vat-pratyaya: 'like/as')
pūjyāḥare to be honored
pūjyāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootpūjya
FormFeminine, nominative, plural (gerundive: 'to be honored')
vipra-dārāḥwives of Brahmins
vipra-dārāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootvipra-dārā
FormFeminine, nominative, plural
su-rakṣayāwith good protection / with due safeguarding
su-rakṣayā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootsu-rakṣā
FormFeminine, instrumental, singular
tejasaḥof (their) spiritual power/energy
tejasaḥ:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Roottejas
FormNeuter, genitive, singular
tapasaḥof (their) austerity
tapasaḥ:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Roottapas
FormNeuter, genitive, singular
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
FormAvyaya
evaindeed / just
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
FormAvyaya
nityamalways
nityam:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya
FormAvyaya (accusative used adverbially)
bibhiyetshould fear
bibhiyet:
TypeVerb
Rootbhī
FormOptative (vidhi-liṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
yudhiṣṭhiraO Yudhiṣṭhira
yudhiṣṭhira:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootyudhiṣṭhira
FormMasculine, vocative, singular
ubheboth
ubhe:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootubha
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, dual
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
FormAvyaya
etethese (two)
ete:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootetad
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, dual
parityājyāshould be given up
parityājyā:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootparityājya
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, dual (gerundive: 'to be abandoned')
tejaḥpower/energy (one’s own)
tejaḥ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Roottejas
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, singular
evaindeed
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
FormAvyaya
tapaḥausterity (one’s own)
tapaḥ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Roottapas
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, singular
tathālikewise / so too
tathā:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā
FormAvyaya

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Brāhmaṇas (viprāḥ)
B
Brāhmaṇa-wives (vipradārāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches that sacred authority grounded in learning and austerity must be approached with humility and restraint. One should honor Brāhmaṇas and especially safeguard and respectfully revere their wives, while abandoning any ego about one’s own power or ascetic achievements.

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on conduct (dharma). Here he emphasizes social and ethical discipline: reverence toward Brāhmaṇas, protective respect toward their wives, and an attitude of awe toward the spiritual potency (tejas, tapas) associated with ascetic life.