Shloka 23
Go-dāna-phala-nirdeśa
Merit and Destinations from the Gift of Cows
यज्ञशूरा दमे शूरा: सत्यशूरास्तथापरे । युद्धशूरास्तथैवोक्ता दानशूराश्ष मानवा:
bhīṣma uvāca | yajñaśūrā dame śūrāḥ satyaśūrās tathāpare | yuddhaśūrās tathaivoktā dānaśūrāś ca mānavāḥ | (buddhiśūrās tathā cānye kṣamāśūrās tathā pare) |
ビーシュマは言った。「人のうち、ある者は祭祀（ヤジュニャ）における英雄であり、ある者は感官を律することに勇敢であるがゆえに、自制の英雄と呼ばれる。同様に、真実の英雄、戦場の英雄、施しの英雄と称される者があり、さらに智慧の英雄、忍耐の英雄と称される者もいる。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Heroism is not limited to warfare; Bhīṣma broadens ‘śaurya’ to include moral and spiritual courage—steadfastness in sacrifice, self-restraint, truth, generosity, wisdom, and forgiveness—presenting these as equally worthy forms of excellence within dharma.
In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma is teaching about dharma and virtues. Here he classifies different kinds of ‘heroes’ among humans, emphasizing that society recognizes multiple domains of greatness beyond the battlefield.