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Shloka 24

Pānīya-dāna and Anna-dāna: The Primacy of Life-Sustaining Gifts (पानीयदान-प्रशंसा / अन्नदान-प्रशंसा)

भारत! ब्राह्मण सब मनुष्योंका अतिथि और सबसे पहले भोजन पानेका अधिकारी है। ब्राह्मण जिस घरपर सदा भिक्षा माँगनेके लिये जाते हैं और वहाँसे सत्कार पाकर लौटते हैं, उस घरकी सम्पत्ति अधिक बढ़ जाती है तथा उस घरका मालिक मरनेके बाद महान्‌ सौभाग्यशाली कुलमें जन्म पाता है ।।

bhārata! brāhmaṇaḥ sarvamanusyāṇām atithiḥ prathamaṃ bhojanaprāptum adhikārī ca. brāhmaṇā ye gṛhān nityaṃ bhikṣārthaṃ gacchanti, yatra te satkāraṃ labdhvā nivartante, tasya gṛhasya sampad adhikatarā bhavati; gṛhapatiś ca mṛtyor anantaram mahāsau bhāgyavatsu kuleṣu jāyate. dattva tv annaṃ naro loke tathā sthānam anuttamam | nityaṃ miṣṭānna-dāyī tu svarge vasati satkṛtaḥ ||

ナーラダは言った。「おお、バーラタよ。ブラーフマナは人々のうち最上の客として遇され、まず先に供養されるべきである。ブラーフマナたちが常に施しを求めて訪れ、敬いもてなされて帰ってゆく家は、富み栄えてゆく。その家の主は死後、きわめて幸いなる家系に生まれ変わる。さらに、この世において食を施し、上座すなわち名誉の座を与え、甘美で選りすぐりの料理を常に布施する者は、神々に敬われて天界に住する。」

दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (√दा)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भाव, non-finite
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तथाalso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
स्थानम्a place/seat
स्थानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्थान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुत्तमम्unsurpassed, excellent
अनुत्तमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुत्तम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
मिष्टान्नदायीgiver of sweet food
मिष्टान्नदायी:
TypeAdjective
Rootमिष्टान्नदायिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वर्गेin heaven
स्वर्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वसतिdwells
वसति:
TypeVerb
Rootवस् (√वस्)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, Third, Singular
सत्कृतःhonoured, well-received
सत्कृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्कृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
B
Bhārata (Yudhiṣṭhira)
B
Brāhmaṇa
S
Svarga (heaven)
D
Devatāḥ (gods)

Educational Q&A

Hospitality and charity—especially offering food, a seat of honor, and respectful reception to brāhmaṇas/guests—are presented as key householder duties that increase prosperity in this life and lead to honored residence in heaven after death.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s dharma instruction, Nārada addresses Yudhiṣṭhira (Bhārata) and teaches the ethical value of welcoming brāhmaṇas who come for alms, describing both worldly benefits (growth of household wealth) and posthumous rewards (fortunate rebirth and heaven).