Shloka 3

Devanagari script

वैशमग्पायन उवाच तस्मै शुश्रूषमाणाय भूय: शान्तनवस्तदा । दैवं वंशं यथान्यायमाचष्ट पुरुषर्षभ

Transliteration

vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | tasmai śuśrūṣamāṇāya bhūyaḥ śāntanavas tadā | daivaṃ vaṃśaṃ yathānyāyam ācāṣṭa puruṣarṣabha ||

Translation

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは言った。かくして、聞くことを切に望むその者に向かい、シャンタヌの子（ビーシュマ）は、しかるべき規範と伝統に従って、神々の系譜を再び語り始めた。おお、人中の最勝者よ。

Word by Word

• वैशम्पायनः: Vaiśampāyana
• वैशम्पायनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशम्पायन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तस्मै: to him
• तस्मै: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• शुश्रूषमाणाय: to (one) who was eager to listen/serve attentively
• शुश्रूषमाणाय: Sampradana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुश्रूषमाण
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• भूयः: again, further
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भूयस्

• शान्तनवः: son of Śāntanu (Bhīṣma)
• शान्तनवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शान्तनव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तदा: then, at that time
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• दैवम्: divine
• दैवम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दैव
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वंशम्: lineage, dynasty
• वंशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वंश
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• यथा: as, according to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• अन्यायम्: injustice, improper manner
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्याय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आचष्ट: told, narrated
• Type: Verb
• Root: चक्ष्
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पुरुषर्षभ: O bull among men
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष-ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

वैशमग्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Śāntanava (Bhīṣma)
• Puruṣarṣabha (addressed listener, contextually Janamejaya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Sacred knowledge—especially accounts of divine lineage and tradition—should be transmitted yathā-nyāyam, i.e., with due propriety and fidelity to established norms, and it is best received by one who is śuśrūṣamāṇa, sincerely attentive and eager to learn.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśaṃpāyana reports that Bhīṣma (Śāntanu’s son) resumes his discourse, beginning again to describe the divine genealogy in an orderly and proper manner for the attentive listener addressed as ‘puruṣarṣabha’ (contextually, King Janamejaya).