Shloka 8
Devanagari script
कायवितौ हि धर्मेण धर्मो हि विजयावह: । त्रयाणामपि लोकानामालोक: कारणं भवेत्
Transliteration
kāyavitau hi dharmeṇa dharmo hi vijayāvahaḥ | trayāṇām api lokānām ālokaḥ kāraṇaṃ bhavet |
Translation
ビーシュマは言った。「人のふるまいがダルマによって律せられるとき、ダルマそのものが勝利をもたらす者となる。それは三界を照らす光であり、この世における護りを支える根本の因となる—清浄を生じさせ、罪の触れを退けるのである。」
Word by Word
कायवितौthe two (things) called 'kāyavita' (two qualities/acts)
कायवितौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकायवित (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
धर्मेणby/through dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
धर्मःdharma
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
विजयावहःbringing victory
विजयावहः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविजय-आवह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रयाणाम्of the three
त्रयाणाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
लोकानाम्of the worlds
लोकानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
आलोकःlight/illumination
आलोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कारणम्cause
कारणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकारण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be / would be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhishmaD
dharmaT
three worlds (trayāṇi lokāḥ)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Dharma, expressed as disciplined conduct and purity, is not merely a rule but a power: it leads to victory, illumines the three worlds, and protects life by keeping one free from the contact of sin.
In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma continues his instruction on righteous living. Here he emphasizes to his listener that dharma governs conduct, generates inner and outer purity, and functions as a universal light and protective force.