Shloka 4

Devanagari script

स तु रत्नाकरवतीं सद्दीपां सागराम्बराम्‌ । शशास पृथिवीं सर्वा हैहय: सत्यविक्रम:

Transliteration

sa tu ratnākara-vatīṁ sad-dīpāṁ sāgarāmbarām | śaśāsa pṛthivīṁ sarvāṁ haihayaḥ satya-vikramaḥ ||

Translation

ビーシュマは言った。「そのハイハヤ族の王—言葉に背かぬ真の武勇を備えた者—は、海と島々に富み、諸海を衣のごとくまとった全大地を治めたのである。」これはマーヒシュマティーのカーर्तヴィーリヤ・アルジュナを指し、その巨大な力と輝きによって名高く、王権は世界の隅々にまで及んだ。

Word by Word

• {'sa tu': 'but he

• indeed that one', 'ratnākara-vatīm': 'abounding in oceans (lit. ‘having jewel-mines’ = the sea)', 'sad-dīpām': 'with good/noble islands

• possessing islands', 'sāgara-āmbarām': 'having the ocean as its garment

• ocean-clad', 'pṛthivīm': 'the earth', 'sarvām': 'entire

• all', 'śaśāsa': 'ruled

• governed', 'haihayaḥ': 'the Haihaya (king/lineage member)', 'satya-vikramaḥ': 'of true valor

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Haihaya (dynasty/king)
• Kartavīrya Arjuna
• Māhiṣmatī
• Pṛthivī (the earth)
• Ratnākara (ocean/sea)
• Sāgara (sea)
• Dvīpa (islands)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames idealized kingship: a ruler’s legitimacy rests on effective governance and steadfast, truthful valor (satya-vikrama), suggesting that power is ethically evaluated by reliability, order, and rightful sovereignty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma begins an ancient account describing the Haihaya ruler Kartavīrya Arjuna of Māhiṣmatī, portraying him as a mighty sovereign who ruled the whole earth—poetically described as ocean-clad and island-filled.