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Shloka 23

सुरेश: शरणं शर्म विश्वरेता: प्रजाभव: । अह: संवत्सरो व्याल: प्रत्यय: सर्वदर्शन:

sureśaḥ śaraṇaṃ śarma viśvaretāḥ prajābhavaḥ | ahaḥ saṃvatsaro vyālaḥ pratyayaḥ sarvadarśanaḥ ||

ビーシュマは言った。「彼は神々の主。苦しむ者の至上の避難所。至福そのもの。宇宙の種であり因であり、万の生類がそこから生まれる源である。彼は昼の光、時を量る年。諸世界を支える宇宙の大蛇(シェーシャ)。清められた理解によって悟られる真理。さらに、すべての者を見通す全見の証人である。かくしてこの教えは、秩序と時間と道徳的分別の根拠として、神聖なるものに帰依するよう聴く者を導く。」

सुरेशःlord of the gods
सुरेशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुरेश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरणम्refuge
शरणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शर्मbliss; happiness; comfort
शर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विश्वरेताःwhose seed is the universe; source/cause of the world
विश्वरेताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविश्वरेतस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजाभवःorigin of creatures; producer of progeny
प्रजाभवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजाभव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहःday; light
अहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
संवत्सरःyear
संवत्सरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यालःserpent; great snake
व्यालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रत्ययःcognition; certainty; knowledge
प्रत्ययः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रत्यय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वदर्शनःall-seeing; seer of all
सर्वदर्शनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वदर्शन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
S
Sureśa (Lord of the gods)
Ś
Śeṣa/Ananta (implied by vyālaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches devotion grounded in recognition of the Divine as the ultimate refuge and the cosmic principle behind creation, time, and moral knowledge—encouraging surrender to the all-seeing witness who sustains order.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma continues his instruction by reciting a hymn-like sequence of divine names/attributes, describing the Supreme through epithets that link divinity with protection, bliss, creation, time, and omniscience.