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Shloka 12

धर्मनिन्दा–धर्मोपासनाफलम् तथा साध्वाचारलक्षणम्

Fruits of Disparaging vs. Observing Dharma; Marks of Good Conduct

तत्रासौ निरयं प्राप्तो वर्णभ्रष्टो बहिष्कृत: | ब्रह्मलोकात्‌ परिश्रष्ट: शूद्र: समुपजायते

tatrāsau nirayaṁ prāpto varṇabhraṣṭo bahiṣkṛtaḥ | brahmalokāt pariśraṣṭaḥ śūdraḥ samupajāyate ||

そこで彼は地獄に堕ち、定められた社会秩序から外れた者として排斥される。ブラフマローカ(Brahmaloka)への到達を断たれ、その後シュードラとして再び生まれる。この偈は、定められた義務と行いを捨てることの倫理的帰結としてこれを語り、業(カルマ)と再生の因果が社会的・霊的地位を律するものだと示す。

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
असौthat (man)
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/असौ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निरयम्hell
निरयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिरय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्तःhaving reached / having obtained
प्राप्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्णभ्रष्टःfallen from (his) varna
वर्णभ्रष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्ण-भ्रष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बहिष्कृतःexcluded / cast out
बहिष्कृतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootबहिस्-कृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मलोकात्from Brahmaloka
ब्रह्मलोकात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मलोक
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
परिश्रष्टःfallen away / slipped down (from)
परिश्रष्टः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-श्रंस्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
शूद्रःa Shudra
शूद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समुपजायतेis born / comes into existence
समुपजायते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उप-जन
FormPresent (Lat), Atmanepada, Third, Singular

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (speaker)
N
Niraya (hell)
B
Brahmaloka
Ś
Śūdra

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that abandoning one’s prescribed dharma and conduct leads to spiritual and social downfall: loss of higher attainments (like Brahmaloka), suffering in hell, and an inferior rebirth. It presents karma as the mechanism linking ethical deviation to future consequences.

Maheśvara describes the post-mortem fate of a person who has become varṇabhraṣṭa and socially excluded: he falls into niraya, is cut off from Brahmaloka, and is subsequently reborn as a Śūdra.