Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 12
Anuśāsana-parva Adhyāya 112: Dharma as the sole companion; karmic witnesses; rebirth sequences
Bṛhaspati–Yudhiṣṭhira Saṃvāda
वृत्तशौचं मन:शौचं तीर्थशौचमत: परम् । ज्ञानोत्पन्नं च यच्छौचं तच्छौचं परमं स्मृतम्
vṛttaśaucaṃ manaḥśaucaṃ tīrthaśaucam ataḥ param | jñānotpannaṃ ca yacchaucaṃ tacchaucaṃ paramaṃ smṛtam ||
ビーシュマは言った。「行いの清浄、心の清浄、聖地（ティールタ）によって得られる清浄がある。だがそれらを超えて、真の知から生まれる清浄がある。知より生ずるその清浄こそ、最上と伝えられる。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Purity has multiple forms—ethical conduct, mental integrity, and ritual/pilgrimage-based cleansing—but the highest purification is inner clarity born of true knowledge, because it transforms the root of intention and understanding.
In the Anushasana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma continues his teachings by ranking kinds of purity, emphasizing that wisdom-based inner purification surpasses external or merely ritual forms.