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Shloka 41

आचारप्रशंसा

Praise of Ācāra as the Basis of Longevity, Fame, and Prosperity

जिसपर किसीकी दूषित दृष्टि न पड़ी हो, जो जलसे धोया गया हो तथा जिसकी ब्राह्मणलोग वाणीद्वारा प्रशंसा करते हों--ये ही तीन वस्तुएँ देवताओं ने ब्राह्मणोंके उपयोगमें लाने योग्य और पवित्र बतायी हैं ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | saṃyāvaṃ kṛsaraṃ māṃsaṃ śaṣkulīṃ pāyasaṃ tathā | ātmārthaṃ na prakartavyaṃ devārthaṃ tu prakalpayet ||

ビーシュマは言った。「サンヤーヴァ(Saṃyāva)、クリサラ(kṛsara)、肉、シャシュクリ―菓子(śaṣkulī)、そしてパーヤサ(pāyasa:乳粥)——これらの食は、己の享楽のために調えるべきではない。神々に供えるという意志をもって作るべきである。」倫理の面でビーシュマは、調理と食事を、礼拝と自制へと向けられるときにこそ清浄と正当性を得る行為として示している。

सञ्जावम्a kind of food preparation (sanjāva)
सञ्जावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसञ्जाव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृसरम्khichड़ी / rice-gruel preparation
कृसरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृसर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मांसम्meat
मांसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमांस (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शष्कुलीम्fried cake / purī-like item
शष्कुलीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशष्कुली (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पायसम्rice pudding / kheer
पायसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपायस (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाand; also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
आत्मार्थम्for oneself (one's own purpose)
आत्मार्थम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रकर्तव्यम्should not be prepared/made
प्रकर्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + कृ (धातु) → कर्तव्य (कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, तव्यत् (gerundive/obligative), Passive sense
देवार्थम्for the gods (for offering to deities)
देवार्थम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut; rather
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
प्रकल्पयेत्one should prepare/arrange
प्रकल्पयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + कल्प् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
Devas (gods)
B
Brahmanas (as implied in the surrounding prose context)
S
saṃyāva
K
kṛsara
M
māṃsa
Ś
śaṣkulī
P
pāyasa

Educational Q&A

Food preparation becomes ethically and ritually proper when it is oriented toward offering (devārtha) rather than personal gratification (ātmārtha). The verse promotes restraint and sacralizing consumption through worship.

In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma continues instructing Yudhishthira on dharma. Here he gives a rule about certain rich foods: they should be prepared as offerings to the gods, not merely for one’s own enjoyment.