Shloka 38
उपदेशदोषप्रसङ्गः (Upadeśa-doṣa-prasaṅgaḥ) — The Risk of Misapplied Counsel
तात! इसी प्रकार वे ऋषि भी कालधर्म-मृत्युको प्राप्त हुए। भरतश्रेष्ठ! वे ही ऋषि दूसरे जन्ममें उसी राजवंशके पुरोहितके कुलमें उत्पन्न हुए। इस प्रकार वह शूद्र और वे मुनि दोनों ही वहाँ उत्पन्न हुए, क्रमश: बढ़े और सब प्रकारकी विद्याओंमें निपुण हो गये ।।
tāta! evaṃprakāreṇa te ṛṣayo 'pi kāladharma-mṛtyuṃ prāptāḥ | bharataśreṣṭha! te eva ṛṣayaḥ dvitīye janmani tasmin rājavaṃśe purohitasya kule utpannāḥ | evaṃ sa śūdraś ca te munayaś ca ubhau tatra utpannau, kramaśaḥ vavṛdhāte, sarvaprakārāsu vidyāsu nipuṇābhavatām || atharvavede vede ca babhūvarṣiḥ suniṣṭhitaḥ | kalpaprayoge cotpanne jyotiṣe ca paraṃ gataḥ ||
ビーシュマは言った。「愛しき者よ、同じくあの聖仙たちも、時の法に従って訪れる死に遭った。おお、バラタ族の最勝者よ、その聖仙たちは後の生において、王統に仕える祭官（プーローヒタ）の家に再び生まれた。かくして、そのシュードラと諸牟尼はともにそこで生を受け、時に従って成長し、あらゆる学芸に通暁した。彼はアタルヴァ・ヴェーダとヴェーダの知に堅く立つリシとなり、祭式の運用（カルパ）と星辰の学（ジョーティシャ）において最高の境地に達した。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage emphasizes kāladharma—the inevitability of death under time’s law—and the continuity of moral and intellectual development across rebirths. It also highlights that learning and ritual competence (Veda, Kalpa, Jyotiṣa) can be attained through disciplined growth, regardless of prior circumstances, within the framework of karmic return.
Bhīṣma explains that certain sages died according to the natural course of time and were then reborn in a later life within the family of a royal priest. Along with a Śūdra born there, they grew up step by step and became accomplished in many disciplines; one is described as becoming firmly established in Atharvavedic and Vedic learning and excelling in ritual procedure and Jyotiṣa.