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Shloka 42

कल्माषपाद-शाप-कारणम्

Cause of Kalmāṣapāda’s Niyoga under a Curse

ततस्तस्मिन्‌ पुरे राष्ट्र त्यक्तदारपरिग्रहा: । परस्परममर्यादा: क्षुधार्ता जध्निरे जना:

tatastasmīn pure rāṣṭre tyaktadāraparigrahāḥ | parasparamamaryādāḥ kṣudhārtā jadhnire janāḥ ||

やがてその都と国中では、人々は飢えに責められて妻や家の絆を投げ捨てた。あらゆる規範の限りを踏み越え、互いに襲い合い、殺し合い、略奪に沈んだ。こうして王の都は、断食と飢餓でやせ衰えた男たち—生ける屍のような者—で満ち、かかる人骨の群れに埋め尽くされたその都は、亡霊に取り囲まれた閻魔の住処のごとく見えた。

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, singular
पुरेin the city
पुरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुर
Formneuter, locative, singular
राष्ट्रेin the kingdom
राष्ट्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
Formneuter, locative, singular
त्यक्त-दार-परिग्रहाःhaving abandoned wives and possessions/household
त्यक्त-दार-परिग्रहाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्यक्त (√त्यज्) + दार + परिग्रह
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
परस्परम्mutually, one another
परस्परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
अमर्यादाःwithout restraint, lawless
अमर्यादाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमर्यादा
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
क्षुधा-आर्ताःdistressed by hunger
क्षुधा-आर्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुधा + आर्त
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
जघ्निरेkilled, slew
जघ्निरे:
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
Formmasculine, nominative, plural

वसिष्ठ उवाच

वसिष्ठ (Vasiṣṭha)
पुर (city)
राष्ट्र (kingdom/realm)
जनाः (the people)

Educational Q&A

When extreme scarcity (hunger) overwhelms society, people may abandon family duties and the boundaries of maryādā (ethical restraint). The verse highlights how the erosion of dharma begins with the loss of self-control and social obligations, leading to mutual violence and a city that resembles a realm of death.

Vasiṣṭha describes a city and kingdom struck by severe hunger: people, desperate and unrestrained, abandon their households and turn on each other, killing one another. The population becomes emaciated and deathlike, making the city appear like Yama’s abode surrounded by spirits.