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Shloka 30

Ahaṅkāra-Tripartition and the Rise of Indriyas, Devatās, and Cosmic Administrators

Devanagari script

दशरुद्रास्तथा ज्ञेया मूलरुद्रो भवः स्मृतः / दश रुद्रस्य नामानि शृणुष्व द्विजसत्तम

Transliteration

daśarudrāstathā jñeyā mūlarudro bhavaḥ smṛtaḥ / daśa rudrasya nāmāni śṛṇuṣva dvijasattama

Translation

さらに知れ、ルドラは十柱であり、根源のルドラは「バヴァ」として憶念される。おお、最勝の再生者よ、ルドラの十の名を聴け。

Word by Word
दश-रुद्राःthe ten Rudras
दश-रुद्राः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदश (प्रातिपदिक) + रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन; द्विगु-समास (दश संख्या-पूर्वकः)
तथाalso
तथा:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb), समुच्चयार्थक
ज्ञेयाःare to be known
ज्ञेयाः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु) → ज्ञेय (कृदन्त)
Formविधिलिङ्गार्थक-कर्तव्यता/योग्यता-बोधक कृदन्त (gerundive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘are to be known’
मूल-रुद्रःthe root/primary Rudra
मूल-रुद्रः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमूल (प्रातिपदिक) + रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (मूलः रुद्रः)
भवःBhava (Śiva)
भवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शिव-नाम
स्मृतःis remembered/said
स्मृतः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु) → स्मृत (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘is remembered/called’
दशten
दश:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदश (अव्यय/संख्या)
Formसंख्यावाचक-अव्यय (numeral indeclinable)
रुद्रस्यof Rudra
रुद्रस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
नामानिnames
नामानि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन
शृणुष्वlisten (for yourself)
शृणुष्व:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
द्विजसत्तमO best of the twice-born
द्विजसत्तम:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजसत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (द्विजः सत्तमः)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra in the Garuda Purana dialogue frame)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Devata-bheda-jñāna: understanding the many forms/names of Rudra while acknowledging a primordial source (Bhava).

Vedantic Theme: Ekaṃ sat—nāma-rūpa-bheda: one principle appearing as many through names and functions.

Application: Recite and study the Rudra-nāmas with correct saṃdhi and accent; use the list as a contemplative map of divine functions (creation-preservation-dissolution aspects).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.5.31 (the ten names list); Garuda Purana 3.5.32 (transition to Ādityas)

Characters & Entities
R
Rudra
B
Bhava

FAQs

This verse introduces a doctrinal list: Rudra is presented in ten forms, with Bhava identified as the primordial/root Rudra, preparing the listener for the authoritative enumeration of Rudra’s names.

Indirectly: by grounding the teaching in divine taxonomy and sacred names, it frames later ritual and metaphysical instructions as part of an ordered cosmic system governed by specific deities and their aspects.

Use the teaching as a basis for informed Rudra/Śiva devotion—reciting and contemplating Rudra’s names with clarity about their Purāṇic context rather than treating them as interchangeable labels.

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