Shloka 28

Means to Liberation: Supremacy of Hari, Proper Salutations, and Purāṇic Authority

इहेव भुञ्जन्ति महच्च दुः खं महापदः कुष्ठभगन्दरादीन् / नमन्ति ये ऽवैष्णवान्ब्रह्मरुद्रवायु प्रतीकान्नैव ते विष्णुभक्ताः

iheva bhuñjanti mahacca duḥ khaṃ mahāpadaḥ kuṣṭhabhagandarādīn / namanti ye 'vaiṣṇavānbrahmarudravāyu pratīkānnaiva te viṣṇubhaktāḥ

この現世においてさえ、彼らは激しい苦しみ—癩病(クシュタ)、痔瘻(バガンダラ)などの大患と重病—を受ける。ブラフマー、ルドラ、あるいはヴァーユの象徴や像を拠り所として、非ヴァイシュナヴァに礼拝する者は、真実ヴィシュヌの भक्त(信者)ではない。

ihahere
iha:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक
evaindeed/only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण
bhuñjantiexperience/enjoy (undergo)
bhuñjanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhuj (भुज्, धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
mahatgreat
mahat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahat (महत्, प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (case 2), एकवचन; विशेषण
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय
duḥkhamsuffering
duḥkham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (दुःख, प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (case 2), एकवचन
mahā-āpadaḥgreat calamities
mahā-āpadaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + āpada (आपद्/आपदा, प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (case 1), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय-समास: ‘महत्यः आपदः’
kuṣṭha-bhagandara-ādīnleprosy, fistula, and the like
kuṣṭha-bhagandara-ādīn:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkuṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + bhagandara (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (आदि, प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (case 2), बहुवचन; समाहार-द्वन्द्व/सूची-समास (enumerative): ‘कुष्ठं भगन्दरं च आदयः’
namantibow to
namanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnam (नम्, धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक
avaiṣṇavānnon-Vaiṣṇavas
avaiṣṇavān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roota- (नञ्) + vaiṣṇava (वैष्णव, प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; नञ्-प्रत्यय (negated): ‘non-Vaiṣṇavas’
brahma-rudra-vāyuof Brahmā, Rudra, and Vāyu
brahma-rudra-vāyu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (ब्रह्मन्, प्रातिपदिक) + rudra (प्रातिपदिक) + vāyu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (case 6, genitive), बहुवचन-सम्बन्धे (as first member in compound); द्वन्द्व-समास (Brahmā, Rudra, Vāyu) used as qualifier of ‘pratīkān’
pratīkānsymbols/images
pratīkān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpratīka (प्रतीक, प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध
evaat all/indeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
viṣṇu-bhaktāḥdevotees of Viṣṇu
viṣṇu-bhaktāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक) + bhakta (भक्त, कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक from √bhaj)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास: ‘विष्णोः भक्ताः’

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Concept: Taking refuge in non-Vaiṣṇava representations (pratīkas) of other deities is incompatible with being a true devotee of Viṣṇu; misdirected reverence is linked with intense suffering.

Vedantic Theme: Ananya-bhakti (exclusive devotion) and śaraṇāgati (right refuge); misidentification of ultimate object of worship as a cause of bondage/duḥkha.

Application: Clarify one’s iṣṭa-devatā and commitments; avoid contradictory allegiances if pursuing a defined devotional path; cultivate consistent devotion and ethics.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: emphasis on Viṣṇu-bhakti as salvific and warnings against deviation (thematic); Garuda Purana: disease/duḥkha as karmic consequence motifs (thematic)

V
Vishnu
G
Garuda
B
Brahma
R
Rudra
V
Vayu

FAQs

This verse frames genuine devotion as exclusive refuge in Viṣṇu; mere outward reverence to other “pratīkas” while claiming Vaiṣṇava identity is treated as spiritually inconsistent and karmically harmful.

It states that certain misaligned forms of worship and identity-confusion can ripen as immediate worldly suffering—major afflictions and diseases—showing that karma can bear fruit ‘here itself,’ not only after death.

Maintain clarity and integrity in one’s chosen path of devotion, avoid performative or contradictory religious identity, and align worship, ethics, and daily conduct with the core commitments of one’s tradition.