Shloka 50

प्रत्याहारवर्णनम्

Pratyāhāra—Cosmic Withdrawal / Dissolution Sequence

Devanagari script

वर्णाश्रमविरुद्धो यः शिष्टशास्त्रविरोधकः / एष मार्गो हि निरये तिर्य्यग्योनौ च कारणम्

Transliteration

varṇāśramaviruddho yaḥ śiṣṭaśāstravirodhakaḥ / eṣa mārgo hi niraye tiryyagyonau ca kāraṇam

Translation

ヴァルナ・アーシュラマに背き、善人の聖典に逆らう者——その道こそ地獄と畜生の生（tiryak-yoni）を招く原因である。

Word by Word

• varṇa-āśrama-viruddhaḥ: contrary to the varṇa-āśrama order
• varṇa-āśrama-viruddhaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: varṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrama (प्रातिपदिक) + viruddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; adjective used substantively; ‘opposed to varṇa and āśrama’

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; relative pronoun

• śiṣṭa-śāstra-virodhakaḥ: opposed to the authoritative teachings of the learned
• śiṣṭa-śāstra-virodhakaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śiṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक) + śāstra (प्रातिपदिक) + virodhaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; ‘opposer of the śiṣṭas’ scriptures’

• eṣaḥ: this
• eṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; demonstrative

• mārgaḥ: path, course
• mārgaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; emphatic/causal particle

• niraye: in hell
• niraye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niraya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular

• tiryyag-yonau: in an animal birth
• tiryyag-yonau: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tiryyak (प्रातिपदिक) + yoni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; ‘in an animal womb/species’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• kāraṇam: cause
• kāraṇam: Pradhāna (प्रधान/predicate complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; predicate nominative