Shloka 52
यज्ञप्रवर्तनम् (Yajña-pravartana) — The Institution/Commencement of Sacrifice in Dvāpara
Devanagari script
चित्रवर्षी यदा देवस्तदा प्राहुर्युगक्षयम् / सर्वे वाणिजकाश्चा पि भविष्यन्त्यधमे युगे
Transliteration
citravarṣī yadā devastadā prāhuryugakṣayam / sarve vāṇijakāścā pi bhaviṣyantyadhame yuge
Translation
神が奇異な雨を降らせるとき、それをユガの滅びという；その卑しきユガでは、すべての者が商人となる。
Word by Word
citra-varṣīraining strangely/variegated-raining
citra-varṣī:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootcitra (प्रातिपदिक) + varṣin (प्रातिपदिक; √vṛṣ (धातु) + इनि)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘चित्रं वर्षति’/‘चित्रवर्षी’ (one who rains strangely/variegated-rainer)
yadāwhen
yadā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb: ‘when’)
devaḥthe god (Deva)
devaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
tadāthen
tadā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (then)
prāhuḥthey say
prāhuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ah (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; ‘they say/they have said’
yuga-kṣayamthe end of the age
yuga-kṣayam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक) + kṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘युगस्य क्षयः’
sarveall
sarve:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
vāṇijakāḥtraders/merchants
vāṇijakāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvāṇijaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसम्भावना/अपि-कारक-अव्यय (particle: ‘also/even’)
bhaviṣyantiwill become
bhaviṣyanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन
adhamein the lowest
adhame:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘adhame (yuge)’
yugein the age
yuge:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन