Shloka 3
Āditya-vyūha-kīrtana
Praise/Account of the Solar Array and Celestial Motions
Devanagari script
ऋषय ऋचुः / भ्रमन्ति कथमेतानि ज्योतीषि दिवमण्डलम् / अव्यूहेन च सर्वाणि तथैवासंकरेण वा
Transliteration
ṛṣaya ṛcuḥ / bhramanti kathametāni jyotīṣi divamaṇḍalam / avyūhena ca sarvāṇi tathaivāsaṃkareṇa vā
Translation
聖仙たちは言った――これらの光り輝く天体は、天の輪の中でいかに巡るのか。いずれも隊列（ヴ்யூハ）なくして動くのか、あるいは互いに交錯せず混乱せずに運行するのか。
Word by Word
ṛṣayaḥthe sages
ṛṣayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
ūcuḥsaid
ūcuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural; Parasmaipada
bhramantithey move/rotate
bhramanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhram (भ्रम् धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural; Parasmaipada
kathamhow
katham:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative adverb (प्रश्न-अव्यय)
etānithese (things)
etāni:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
jyotīṃṣiluminaries
jyotīṃṣi:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjyotis (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Plural
diva-maṇḍalamthe celestial sphere
diva-maṇḍalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdivamaṇḍala (प्रातिपदिक) [divaḥ + maṇḍala]
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुषः—‘दिवः मण्डलम्’
a-vyūhenawithout arrangement/formation
a-vyūhena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootavyūha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; a- (neg.) + vyūha
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
sarvāṇiall
sarvāṇi:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative Plural; agrees with jyotīṃṣi/etāni
tathāthus/so
tathā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha/Discourse particle (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (अवधारण)
a-saṃkareṇawithout intermixture/confusion
a-saṃkareṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootasaṃkara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; a- (neg.) + saṃkara
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प)