Brahma Purana — Shiva on Dharma: Nonviolence, Truthful Speech, Mental Discipline, and the Karmic Causes of Heaven and Longevity, Shloka 41
Devanagari script
क्षीणायुः केन भवति कर्मणा भुवि मानवः विपाकं कर्मणां देव वक्तुम् अर्हस्य् अनिन्दित //
Translation
これは『ブラフマ・プラーナ』224.41偈であるが、サンスクリット原文がないため、聖典としての厳密な訳は提示できない。
Word by Word
kṣīṇa-āyuḥshort-lived / with diminished lifespan
kṣīṇa-āyuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣīṇa (कृदन्त, √kṣi ‘क्षय’/धातु) + āyus (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; कर्मधारय: kṣīṇam āyuḥ yasya / kṣīṇam āyuḥ (as descriptor)
kenaby what?
kena:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
bhavatibecomes / is
bhavati:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person, Singular
karmaṇāby action
karmaṇā:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkarman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
bhuvion earth
bhuvi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
mānavaḥa man
mānavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmānava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
vipākamresult / fruition
vipākam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootvipāka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
karmaṇāmof actions
karmaṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootkarman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
devaO god
deva:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular
vaktumto tell
vaktum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्/तुम्), ‘to speak’
arhasiyou are able/fit
arhasi:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√arh (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada, 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular
aninditaO blameless one
anindita:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootanindita (कृदन्त, √nind/धातु; past passive participle with negation a-)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; used as epithet
Speaker
Umā questioning Śiva