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Shloka 42

Yoga-māyā Appears as Durgā; Kaṁsa’s Repentance and the Demonic Policy of Persecuting Vaiṣṇavas

स हि सर्वसुराध्यक्षो ह्यसुरद्विड् गुहाशय: । तन्मूला देवता: सर्वा: सेश्वरा: सचतुर्मुखा: । अयं वै तद्वधोपायो यद‍ृषीणां विहिंसनम् ॥ ४२ ॥

sa hi sarva-surādhyakṣo hy asura-dviḍ guhā-śayaḥ tan-mūlā devatāḥ sarvāḥ seśvarāḥ sa-catur-mukhāḥ ayaṁ vai tad-vadhopāyo yad ṛṣīṇāṁ vihiṁsanam

ヴィシュヌ神はすべての神々の長であり、阿修羅の敵であり、万人の心に宿る方です。シヴァやブラフマーを含むすべての神々は彼に依存しています。したがって、聖者を迫害することこそが、ヴィシュヌを滅ぼす唯一の方法なのです。

सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), एकवचन; pronoun
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
सर्वसुराध्यक्षःoverseer/lord of all gods
सर्वसुराध्यक्षः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + सुर (प्रातिपदिक) + अध्यक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (सर्वेषां सुराणाम् अध्यक्षः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), एकवचन
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), emphasis
असुरद्विट्hater of the demons
असुरद्विट्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर (प्रातिपदिक) + द्विष् (धातु) → द्विट् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘असुरान् द्वेष्टि’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), एकवचन
गुहाशयःdweller in the cave/heart
गुहाशयः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगुहा (प्रातिपदिक) + आशय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘गुहायाम् आशयः’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), एकवचन
तन्मूलाःhaving him as the root
तन्मूलाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘तस्मिन् मूलम्/यस्मात् मूलम्’); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण of देवताः
देवताःdeities
देवताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), बहुवचन
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण of देवताः
स-ईश्वराःwith their lords (with controllers)
स-ईश्वराः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस (सह) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय/बहुव्रीह्यर्थे ‘ईश्वरैः सह/ईश्वरयुक्ताः’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण of देवताः
स-चतुर्मुखाःalong with the four-faced one (Brahmā)
स-चतुर्मुखाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस (सह) + चतुर् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (‘चतुर्मुखैः सह’/‘चतुर्मुखयुक्ताः’); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण of देवताः (incl. Brahmā)
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), एकवचन; deictic pronoun
वैindeed, surely
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle) for emphasis/assurance
तद्वधोपायःmeans for his killing
तद्वधोपायः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + वध (प्रातिपदिक) + उपाय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘तस्य वधस्य उपायः’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), एकवचन
यत्that (namely)
यत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसम्बन्धबोधक-अव्यय/यदर्थे (introducing clause: ‘namely that’)
ऋषीणाम्of the sages
ऋषीणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th), बहुवचन
विहिंसनम्harming, violence
विहिंसनम्:
Karta (कर्ता) / Predicative complement (निर्देश)
TypeNoun
Rootवि + हिंस् (धातु) → विहिंसन (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formकृदन्त (ल्युट्/अनम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st), एकवचन; verbal noun ‘act of harming’

The demigods and the Vaiṣṇavas especially are part and parcel of the Supreme Lord, Viṣṇu, because they are always obedient to His orders ( oṁ tad viṣṇoḥ paramaṁ padaṁ sadā paśyanti sūrayaḥ ). The demoniac followers of Kaṁsa thought that if the Vaiṣṇavas, saintly persons and sages were persecuted, the original body of Viṣṇu would naturally be destroyed. Thus they decided to suppress Vaiṣṇavism. The asuras perpetually struggle to persecute the Vaiṣṇavas because they do not want Vaiṣṇavism to spread. Vaiṣṇavas preach only devotional service, not encouraging karmīs, jñānīs and yogīs, because if one must liberate oneself from material, conditional life, one must ultimately become a Vaiṣṇava. Our Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement is directed with this understanding, and therefore the asuras always try to suppress it.

K
Kaṁsa
B
Brahmā

FAQs

This verse shows the demonic mindset that targets sages; in the Bhagavatam, violence or offense toward ṛṣis and devotees is treated as a grave sin that leads to spiritual and worldly ruin.

Kaṁsa recognizes the Supreme Lord as the root of all gods, yet, being deluded, he imagines he can weaken divine protection by attacking the saintly class who sustain dharma and invoke the Lord’s shelter.

Respect saintly persons, teachers, and sincere devotees; avoid envy and offense, because hostility toward goodness and spiritual culture ultimately destroys one’s own peace and progress.