Sutra 48
Devanagari script
कोशाभावे दण्डः परं गच्छति स्वामिनं वा हन्ति ॥ कZ_०८.१.४८ ॥
Transliteration
kośābhāve daṇḍaḥ paraṃ gacchati svāminaṃ vā hanti.
Translation
国庫がなければ、強制装置は他者に寝返る（離反する）か、さらには自らの君主を殺すことさえある。
Word by Word
कोशाभावेin the absence of the treasury / when fiscal resources are lacking
कोशाभावे:
TypeNoun
Rootकोश + अभाव
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; सप्तमी (अधिकरणे) — 'कोशस्य अभावे'
दण्डःpunishment / the coercive power (of the state)
दण्डः:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा (कर्ता)
परम्to an extreme; excessively; beyond proper measure
परम्:
TypeAdjective (used adverbially)
Rootपर
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया — क्रियाविशेषणवत् (‘to an extreme / excessively’)
गच्छतिgoes; proceeds; tends
गच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formलट्; परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन
स्वामिनम्the master; the ruler
स्वामिनम्:
TypeNoun
Rootस्वामिन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया (कर्म)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (disjunctive ‘or’)
हन्तिstrikes; kills; destroys
हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formलट्; परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन
Entities Mentioned
K
kośa (treasury)D
daṇḍa (armed force)S
svāmin (ruler)FAQs
Fiscal insolvency can translate directly into coercive betrayal: unpaid or unsupplied forces may defect or turn violent against the ruler.