Sutra 43
Devanagari script
शास्ता हि वरुणो राज्ञां मिथ्या व्याचरतां नृषु ॥ कZ_०४.१३.४३च्द् ॥
Transliteration
śāstā hi varuṇo rājñāṃ mithyā vyācaratāṃ nṛṣu
Translation
なぜならヴァルナは、人々に対して偽りの振る舞いをする王たちを懲らしめる者だからである。
Word by Word
शास्ताthe punisher; the chastiser; the enforcer
शास्ता:
TypeNoun (agent noun)
Rootशास्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक-प्रातिपदिक (शास्तृ/शास्ता = शासनकर्ता)
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeParticle
Rootहि
Formनिपात; अव्यय; हेत्वर्थे/निश्चयार्थे
वरुणःVaruṇa (the deity associated with order and punishment)
वरुणः:
TypeNoun (proper/common)
Rootवरुण
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन
राज्ञाम्of kings; of rulers
राज्ञाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-बहुवचन
मिथ्याfalsely; wrongly; untruthfully
मिथ्या:
TypeAdverb
Rootमिथ्या
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण
व्याचरताम्of those who act/behave (conduct themselves) wrongly
व्याचरताम्:
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootवि + आ + चर्
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ); परस्मैपदी; पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-बहुवचन (राज्ञाम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
नृषुamong men; with respect to people
नृषु:
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-बहुवचन
Entities Mentioned
V
VaruṇaR
rājā (king)N
nṛ (people)FAQs
A normative constraint: rulers are reminded that unjust action triggers moral and reputational sanctions, reinforcing disciplined administration.